PCEs are adsorbed on to the surface of cement particles through their negatively charged anchoring teams (such as carboxyl groups) to sort a thicker adsorption layer, generating electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance, therefore enhancing the flowability with the cement slurry. Superplasticizers are used when well-dispersed cement particle suspensions are needed https://raymondjjhhf.eedblog.com/37828191/superplastificeerder-voor-beton-an-overview